Social Solidarity

Social solidarity was the essential property of all societies. It was the bond that united individuals. Those societies that were governed by a collective consciousness were called mechanical: while those characterized by specialization, division of labor, and interdependence were called organic. Social solidarity should be treated as any moral phenomenon, which not directly measurable. In order to get a grasp on social solidarity, it was necessary to substitute the internal index which symbolize.

In a society exhibiting mechanical solidarity, its united and integration comes from the homogeneity of individuals. People feel connected through similar work, educational and religious training, and lifestyle. Mechanical solidarity normally operates in "traditional" and small scale societies.  In simpler societies, for example: tribal, solidarity is usually based on kinship ties of familial networks. Organic solidarity comes from the interdependence that arises from specialization of work and the complementarities between people, a development which occurs in “modern” and “industrial” societies.

Organic here is referring to the interdependence of the component parts. Thus, social solidarity is maintained in more complex societies through the interdependence of its component parts, for example: farmers produce the food to feed the factory workers who produce the tractors that allow the farmer to produce the food).''

Social Solidarity was the ensemble of beliefs and sentiments that are common to the average member of a society. These beliefs have a life of their own. Modern sociologists have reduced beliefs and sentiments to the social psychological level. But, there’s argue that these phenomena are social facts and cannot be reduced to a psychological level of analysis. For example there’s a note that social facts was “consist of ways of acting, thinking and feeling external to the individual and endowed with a power of coercion by reason of which they control themselves. These ways of thinking could not be confused with psychological phenomena, which exist only in the individual consciousness and through it.”

The move from a mechanical to an organic society has caused trouble for this term. Later, we will note sociologist who take this shift to mean a difference in the amount of solidarity found in society. For example, terms such as low, high, normative and integrative are taken to indicate the amount of social solidarity found in a society. But, one should keep in mind that social solidarity occurs in both types of societies. Note that modern complex society is not inevitably leading toward disintegration. Instead, the normal state of the differentiated division of labor is organic stability.

All societies (both mechanical and organic) rest upon a contract which presupposes norms. Norms constitute a moral commitment; no society would be able to function in an orderly fashion. Regardless how complex the division of labor is, society does not result in chaos. Cooperation and moral commitment are the bonds that unite all societies. There is not an absolute break between mechanical and organic.

In definition of religion, solidarity is brought out more clearly. Religion was a unified system of beliefs and practices that were relatives to sacred things. Beliefs and practices united a single moral community. Thus, beliefs and practices appear to go hand in hand, however many macro sociologist focus only on practices while ignoring the belief system of society. For example, some instruments used to measure social solidarity deal only with what people do. As we shall see, practice and beliefs are not always consistent with one another. Actors who believe certain things may not practice them, and vice versa. If this case exists, then our measurement only reveals one part of solidarity.

True solidarity comes about when beliefs and practices of a group are consistent with one another. Thus, solidarity is shared in beliefs (or sentiments) and in practices. This important point cannot be overly stressed. Social solidarity is a social fact. Social facts are three dimensional in nature, for example, they involve acting, feeling and exercising constraint over the individual. One cannot immediately observe social facts. For example, social solidarity in one group should not be observed in terms of another one. Societies must be compared by following their complete development through all groups, and at the same point in time.

5 joint action to develop a social solidarity

The individual or a community, if they show inequality and social injustice in the process, has the support of his cause as a form of solidarity with. The social solidarity has become the great expectation to overcome problems and that requires critical attitude and control a balanced.

Here’s a simple example of how reality, the joint action which we have to grow the spirit of social solidarity.

1.      Collect social contributions of charity, there are in a box a wallet care, account of social, and the other to collect donations fund, of money or goods.

2.      Forming the post of socially responsible post), command post (the post, and other post was built often same time when there are unfortunate personal or disastrous missal.

3.      Hold service activities social health like this has often been implemented by the various social organization when the day of the particular, moreover, when there are natural disasters.

4.      Affix the signature social rally support, collecting coins justice, put up banners information, do the peaceful demonstration, as a form of togetherness.

5.      Use social networking sites global information technology is are in, friendship through social networking sites, facebook or twitter, to promote togetherness in special cases upon a public officer, political leaders, the artist, common or ordinary people.

The issue of social solidarity in Indonesia

The problem of solidarity in Indonesia can be seen in two points of view. The first is the level of structural. The problem happened is quite big. 10 percent of people in Indonesia control of the other 90 percent of the national economy. Then from it , there was a social gap .The businessmen, and the poor would become poorer .The manufacturers of large build buildings with the work of businessmen displacing land intermediate down so that small entrepreneurs do not have the land business again. Another gap is still many examples of what happened in the face of this earth, although we have mandated by the constitution that the earth, water, and the contents of which contained in it is controlled by the state and used the optimal by the interests of the people. But in fact what happens is the corporate control of many entrepreneurs’ international resources that it should be controlled by our country.

Secondly, it can be seen from the institutional. Nobody can strengthen the solidarity, namely the aspect of equality, in the joint. Consequently are disturbed on the processes of social networks. Our social networks, which is used to be a platform for many people already experiencing intense politicization. There are formal institution institutional, political and non-formal like religion, etc. But it cannot accredit the interests of the public as a political party.

Day of national social solidarity

Day of national social solidarity are perpetuated of historical events in 1948, on December 20, which is when interwoven wontedness army and the people exactly a day after Dutch military aggression. Namely the power of belonging to two Indonesian army and the shoulder to shoulder in the armed struggle to get rid of Dutch colonial .Genuine solidarity , based on half that sense of responsibility to the ground water ( pro patria ) grow solidarity very strong nation to free land aggressor water from their grip .

The people give whatever be his struggle to help the mighty warriors. Otherwise the army soldiers were always ready to protect people from greedy wrath plunderer. Belonging to the people, people from all classes also fought they rescue and care for the soldiers who were killed and wounded.

Social solidarity, and up to the national to the rest of the country, and appeared as a proof of the army and the people drove oneness aggression in the Netherlands. The wontedness proven “A general strike on March 1, 1949” led by lieutenant colonel Suharto. A common March 1 has meanings very essential for the survival of the state union and the republic of Indonesia’s politic have a very crucial for international world to the existence of republic of Indonesia.

The rise of the populace as simultaneously compelled to assist and help each other to together with the military against colonist is encouraged by a sense of social solidarity.

Of the events that history seemed that a sense of social solidarity that constitute ammunition and artillery social systems have been highly reliable and so that even if only with the bamboo pointy we capable of expelling land grabber forever from the earth Indonesia after them fester and pillage the country beloved this for more or less 350 years.

If we take back the trajectory of the history of our nation from time to time, it seemed clear that social solidarity is one of the gift cultural values our nation that has been pervasive into the heart of all children of this nation .Heart etched in the value of social solidarity, and growing sprouting in our hearts in copyright, taste and intention in every human being.

Social solidarity national trajectory reflected in history from time to time 1928, this value perform had based outbreak oath youths very phenomenal.1945 manifest in a format that inspires independence proclamation.1948 encourage wontedness army the rise and the people in defending independence 1965 social solidarity manifesting themselves in a format of calling crack down on communism.

The value of this is the underlying unity and unity of our nation so although the Indonesian nation department Ika Bhineka but still single.

Solidarity has been proven social efficacy which is in history as the weaponry reliable detection our social system, will always have relevance along the history of our nation to the present and future, near or far .

In order to growing the spirit of social solidarity sustainable and warning day of national social solidarity (HKSN) is held every year, in order for all time the spirit is still coloring the life and life source of our people.

Quoted from articles Depsos. Ministry of Social Affairs.

Sources :

https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/.../MARSV2N1A3

marshaeliza.blogspot.com/2013/12/kesetiakawanan-sosial.html

http://bhaktyenglish.wordpress.com/2010/12/22/tugas-2-kesetiakawanan-sosial/