Youth and Socialization

Internalization learning and specialization

Youth is we know that the youth or the young generation is a concept that is always associated with the issue of value. This is an understanding of cultural and ideologist than this sense. In the youth is one of the identities of a potential successor as the cause of the nation and a source of human karma for the development of youth as people hope can be defined that the people who will control the future control of the youth.

Socialization is a process of planting or customs or transfer value and rules of one generation to the other in a group or community. Some call the sociologist (role as a theory about the role of theory). Because of the socialization process in these roles are taught to be executed by individuals.

Socialization internalization of learning

Socialization are defined as a process of a lifetime how an individual studies habits which includes ways life, values, and social norms that was found in the public to be acceptable to communities.

Based on its kind, socialization divided into two: primary socialization (in family) and socialization secondary (in society). Goffman according to both the process implemented within institutions total, namely shelter and place to work. In the two institutions, there are a number of individuals in the same situation, separated from the public at large within the period of certain period, live a regular life together, and dealt with in formal.

Ð Primary Socialization

Peter l. Berger and Luckmann defines primary socialization as on the first individual lived as a child with learning to be a member of the (family). Socialization primary were disbursed during little kid of 1-5 years or for sons not been to school. Children start getting to know the family members and family environment. Gradually he started capable of being distinguished himself with others around his family.

Ð Secondary Socialization

Socialization secondary is a process of socialization advanced after the socialization a primer that introduce individual into specified groups in society. One of its forms is resocialization and desocialization. In the process of resocialization, someone has given some new identity. While in the process of desocialization, a person subjected to ‘revocation’ to repeal of old identity.

Internalization is the process of societal norms not stop until institutionalization course, however maybe norms is already ingrained into the soul of members of the society. These norms sometimes distinguished among norms.

Ð Norms which includes private norms governing the norm of a trust aims to human conscience is clean.

Ð Norms governing private intercourse includes the rules of politeness propriety and rule of law and has aimed so that man behaves well in intercourse life and aims to achieve peace alive.

Youth identity

The basic pattern of guidance & the development of the younger generation

The basic pattern of guidance and the construction of the younger generation are stipulated by the minister of education and culture in the ministerial decision in education and culture number: 0323 /U/ 1978 dated 28 October 1978. The goal on all parties who were involved and concerned in handling really using it as a guideline so that the implementation can be directed thorough and integrated and able to reach the goal of and objectives referred to.

 Archetypal training and the development of the young generation arranged based on:

a)     Idiil anvil : Pancasila

b)     Constitutional anvil : UUD 1945

c)      Strategy anvil : Outlines Bow of the Country

d)     Histories anvil : Oath Youth and Proclamation

e)     Normative anvil : The values in society

The motivation the principle of guidance and the development of the young generation resting on a strategy the attainment of national goals, as mentioned in the opening of 1945 constitution alinia IV. On the basis of this reality, required the life of youth so that they can play an important role in the future even though they were aware that these future could not stand alone. The future is now further, and now is the result of the past tense. In this case, guidance and the development of the young generation shall infuse motivation of the sensitivity to the future as part of the absolute today. Sensitivity to future also requires sensitivity to the circumstances of the environment to relevance participants in any activity of the nation. For it, the quality of the welfare of carrying the basic values of the nation is the determining factor coloring coaching the young generation and the people in entering the future.

Without the participant of the young generation, the purpose of this development was difficult to achieve. It is not only because of youth is a layer of the community large enough, but without excitement and creativity of them, long-term development could lose his balance. If the youth now separated from the problem of the community, difficult to embodied the leader of the future that could lead their own people.

In this case, guidance and the development of the young generation on two basic understanding, namely:

û  The young generation as the subject of training and development is they who have had provisions and the ability as well as the basis for independent and involvement in anything is functional with the potential to solve other problems facing the nation.

û  Youth as guidance and the development of an object are those who are in need of guidance to the direction of growth and development potential and skill optimal to level up and cannot be independent involving by function.

To understood the principal, guidance and development of the younger generation. In this case guidance and the development of young generation with regard to the basic two definitions as:

ü  The young generation as the subject of training and development is they who have stocks as well as the foundation and the ability to be independent in their involvement in functional with other potential, to resolve the problems faced by nation in order to the life of national and state and national development.

ü  The younger generation as the object of management and development are those who still needed to training and the development of the direction of growth potential and the ability of its ability to a degree that cannot be optimal, and independent involving by function.

The purpose of sociability which is socialization has the goal as follows:

1.      Impart skills to someone in order to live in social

2.      Develop the ability to communicate effectively

3.      Help control the functions of organic learned through exercises which is right

4.      Get used to behave in accordance with the values and basic trust in a society

University and Education

Education is conscious effort and planned to create the atmosphere of learning and learning actively develop the potential students to have himself religious spiritual power, self control, personality, intelligence, noble moral, and the skills required her and the community.

Family members have a role in teaching that so deeply, they are often profound than that they aware of it although teaching family members running unofficially.

v  Primary Education

Basic education is the level of education early for 9 (nine) years children tuition the first that provide the basis secondary education.

v  Secondary Education

Secondary education is level of education advanced basic education.

v  High Education

The level of education is higher education after secondary education, programs that include degree magister, doctor, and the specialist is conducted by the university.

College is a unit of education implementer higher education. Participant’s learners are called college student, meanwhile the teachers college called lecturer. According to its kind college divided into 2 :

Ø  Foreign universities is the college that the management and regulation done by the state.

Ø  Private universities, is higher education institutions which the management and regulation done by private.

Sources :

Ë http://triajiwantoro.blogspot.com/2011/11/pengertian-pemuda-dan-sosiallisasi.html

Ë http://aripsaputra.blogspot.com/2011/10/pengertian-sosialisasi-internalisasi.html

Ë http://bayoscreamo.blogspot.com/2011/10/peranan-sosial-mahasiswa-dan-pemuda-di.html

Ë http://cahayapenerangdunia.blogspot.com/2011/07/pembinaan-dan-pengembangan-generasi.html

Ë http://taufikhidayah21.wordpress.com/tag/pengertian-pemuda/

Ë http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisasi

Ë https://filzaah.wordpress.com/

Individual, Family and Society

The meaning of Individual

The individual is the smallest unit of society forming. In the social sciences, individual also means the smallest part in a group of people who cannot be separated anymore into smaller parts

The meaning of family

Family is the smallest units of society which consist of head of the family with a couple of people gather and live under one roof in a state of mutual dependence.

The meaning of society

Society is one of the social system units or the unity of human life. Society is derived from Arabic word Syakara which mean participate or participation.

Individual Growth

Growth can be defined as materiel quantitative change in something as a result of the environmental influences. This could include quantitative changes the number of enlargement or not there to be of no, from small to be a lot of the few large, of narrow become widely, and others.

The factors that affect growth:

v Biological Factor

Every normal human and healthily must have the whole head, body a hand, legs and other. This may explain that some similarities in personality and behavior. But there is a legacy of biological that is special. This means that, every individual not all having the physical characteristics of the same.

v Geographical Factor

Every good physical environment will also bring good on its inhabitants. So to cause the relationship between individual can go well and give rise to the personality of every individual good also. But less good if the physical environment and the absence of good relations with other individuals, will be created a state of being not good too.

v Special Cultural Factor

Cultural differences could affect the personality of it’s members. However, not mean any individual who is in the same cultural community that has also had the same right.

Family Function

The function of the family is a works or tasks that must be conducted at the or for the owner.

The function of a family according to Friedman 1998 (in Setiawati & mannered, 2008) is :

a)     Affective Function

Affective function is the internal function of the family as the basis of the power of family. It related to love one another mutual support and appreciate each other between family members.

b)     Socialization Function

The function of the socialization is a function that developed the process of interaction in the family .The socialization of the family was born and started since individual place learning to socialize.

c)     Reproductive Function

Reproductive function is a function of the family to continue the continuation of offspring and increase human resources.

d)     Economic Function

The economy is to meet the needs of their families and all the members of his household, clothing, and the food.

e)     Health Care Function

The function of health care is a function of the family to prevent the occurrence of health problems and taking care of a family member who facing health problems.

All Kinds Function of a Family :

ü  Education Function

Parents as member of the family serves to educate the children, with educating they came to the level of being lofty. In addition to formal education, the family can also give instruction informal outside school. This is done so one day they can be the children which is good for his own family and nation and the country.

ü  Religious Function

Families also functions to introduce religion or belief to children when they were young. Parents must instill religious values in their children to support life once in the world. Because we must remember that it is not always a man living in the world.

ü  Economic function

This economic function must be undertaken by the head of the family. Dad as the family head obliged to work earns a living to meet the needs of households. But, in the days of the emancipation of woman now this is rarely we see that there are women who continue to assist in meet the needs of the family by working as a woman career.

Urbanization

Urbanization is migration from the village to the city. Urbanization is a problem serious enough for all of us. Unequal population distribution between the village will cause problems with the city social life. The number of significant increase in the city without supported and balanced with the number of jobs, public facilities, law enforcement officials, housing, the provision of food, and others certainly is a problem that must be found for it’s way out .

The process of occurring urbanization:

First of all, the government wants to immediately raise the proportion of the population lives in urban areas. It relates to the fact that the increase in the urban areas to be intimately associated with an increase in economic growth in the country. Data showed that of a country or an area with an economy that is higher urbanization has a higher level and vice versa. Industrial states generally have the rate of urbanization above 75 percent. That compares with developing countries that now. The urbanization there is approximately 35 % to 40 %.

The second, the excessive level of urbanization, or uncontrolled, could cause problems in the population itself. A measure under control or whether the process of urbanization rate usually known by the size of primacy, more or less defined as the power of attraction largest city in a country or region against the cities in the surrounding areas. The greater the levels of primacy show state of being less well in the process of urbanization. Unfortunately, the primacy of sophisticating rate in Indonesia not available.

Source:

Ëhttps://faisaladamsyah.wordpress.com/2013/10/28/individu-keluarga-dan-masyarakat/

Ëhttp://saranghanda-yeongwonhi.blogspot.com

Social Solidarity

Social solidarity was the essential property of all societies. It was the bond that united individuals. Those societies that were governed by a collective consciousness were called mechanical: while those characterized by specialization, division of labor, and interdependence were called organic. Social solidarity should be treated as any moral phenomenon, which not directly measurable. In order to get a grasp on social solidarity, it was necessary to substitute the internal index which symbolize.

In a society exhibiting mechanical solidarity, its united and integration comes from the homogeneity of individuals. People feel connected through similar work, educational and religious training, and lifestyle. Mechanical solidarity normally operates in "traditional" and small scale societies.  In simpler societies, for example: tribal, solidarity is usually based on kinship ties of familial networks. Organic solidarity comes from the interdependence that arises from specialization of work and the complementarities between people, a development which occurs in “modern” and “industrial” societies.

Organic here is referring to the interdependence of the component parts. Thus, social solidarity is maintained in more complex societies through the interdependence of its component parts, for example: farmers produce the food to feed the factory workers who produce the tractors that allow the farmer to produce the food).''

Social Solidarity was the ensemble of beliefs and sentiments that are common to the average member of a society. These beliefs have a life of their own. Modern sociologists have reduced beliefs and sentiments to the social psychological level. But, there’s argue that these phenomena are social facts and cannot be reduced to a psychological level of analysis. For example there’s a note that social facts was “consist of ways of acting, thinking and feeling external to the individual and endowed with a power of coercion by reason of which they control themselves. These ways of thinking could not be confused with psychological phenomena, which exist only in the individual consciousness and through it.”

The move from a mechanical to an organic society has caused trouble for this term. Later, we will note sociologist who take this shift to mean a difference in the amount of solidarity found in society. For example, terms such as low, high, normative and integrative are taken to indicate the amount of social solidarity found in a society. But, one should keep in mind that social solidarity occurs in both types of societies. Note that modern complex society is not inevitably leading toward disintegration. Instead, the normal state of the differentiated division of labor is organic stability.

All societies (both mechanical and organic) rest upon a contract which presupposes norms. Norms constitute a moral commitment; no society would be able to function in an orderly fashion. Regardless how complex the division of labor is, society does not result in chaos. Cooperation and moral commitment are the bonds that unite all societies. There is not an absolute break between mechanical and organic.

In definition of religion, solidarity is brought out more clearly. Religion was a unified system of beliefs and practices that were relatives to sacred things. Beliefs and practices united a single moral community. Thus, beliefs and practices appear to go hand in hand, however many macro sociologist focus only on practices while ignoring the belief system of society. For example, some instruments used to measure social solidarity deal only with what people do. As we shall see, practice and beliefs are not always consistent with one another. Actors who believe certain things may not practice them, and vice versa. If this case exists, then our measurement only reveals one part of solidarity.

True solidarity comes about when beliefs and practices of a group are consistent with one another. Thus, solidarity is shared in beliefs (or sentiments) and in practices. This important point cannot be overly stressed. Social solidarity is a social fact. Social facts are three dimensional in nature, for example, they involve acting, feeling and exercising constraint over the individual. One cannot immediately observe social facts. For example, social solidarity in one group should not be observed in terms of another one. Societies must be compared by following their complete development through all groups, and at the same point in time.

5 joint action to develop a social solidarity

The individual or a community, if they show inequality and social injustice in the process, has the support of his cause as a form of solidarity with. The social solidarity has become the great expectation to overcome problems and that requires critical attitude and control a balanced.

Here’s a simple example of how reality, the joint action which we have to grow the spirit of social solidarity.

1.      Collect social contributions of charity, there are in a box a wallet care, account of social, and the other to collect donations fund, of money or goods.

2.      Forming the post of socially responsible post), command post (the post, and other post was built often same time when there are unfortunate personal or disastrous missal.

3.      Hold service activities social health like this has often been implemented by the various social organization when the day of the particular, moreover, when there are natural disasters.

4.      Affix the signature social rally support, collecting coins justice, put up banners information, do the peaceful demonstration, as a form of togetherness.

5.      Use social networking sites global information technology is are in, friendship through social networking sites, facebook or twitter, to promote togetherness in special cases upon a public officer, political leaders, the artist, common or ordinary people.

The issue of social solidarity in Indonesia

The problem of solidarity in Indonesia can be seen in two points of view. The first is the level of structural. The problem happened is quite big. 10 percent of people in Indonesia control of the other 90 percent of the national economy. Then from it , there was a social gap .The businessmen, and the poor would become poorer .The manufacturers of large build buildings with the work of businessmen displacing land intermediate down so that small entrepreneurs do not have the land business again. Another gap is still many examples of what happened in the face of this earth, although we have mandated by the constitution that the earth, water, and the contents of which contained in it is controlled by the state and used the optimal by the interests of the people. But in fact what happens is the corporate control of many entrepreneurs’ international resources that it should be controlled by our country.

Secondly, it can be seen from the institutional. Nobody can strengthen the solidarity, namely the aspect of equality, in the joint. Consequently are disturbed on the processes of social networks. Our social networks, which is used to be a platform for many people already experiencing intense politicization. There are formal institution institutional, political and non-formal like religion, etc. But it cannot accredit the interests of the public as a political party.

Day of national social solidarity

Day of national social solidarity are perpetuated of historical events in 1948, on December 20, which is when interwoven wontedness army and the people exactly a day after Dutch military aggression. Namely the power of belonging to two Indonesian army and the shoulder to shoulder in the armed struggle to get rid of Dutch colonial .Genuine solidarity , based on half that sense of responsibility to the ground water ( pro patria ) grow solidarity very strong nation to free land aggressor water from their grip .

The people give whatever be his struggle to help the mighty warriors. Otherwise the army soldiers were always ready to protect people from greedy wrath plunderer. Belonging to the people, people from all classes also fought they rescue and care for the soldiers who were killed and wounded.

Social solidarity, and up to the national to the rest of the country, and appeared as a proof of the army and the people drove oneness aggression in the Netherlands. The wontedness proven “A general strike on March 1, 1949” led by lieutenant colonel Suharto. A common March 1 has meanings very essential for the survival of the state union and the republic of Indonesia’s politic have a very crucial for international world to the existence of republic of Indonesia.

The rise of the populace as simultaneously compelled to assist and help each other to together with the military against colonist is encouraged by a sense of social solidarity.

Of the events that history seemed that a sense of social solidarity that constitute ammunition and artillery social systems have been highly reliable and so that even if only with the bamboo pointy we capable of expelling land grabber forever from the earth Indonesia after them fester and pillage the country beloved this for more or less 350 years.

If we take back the trajectory of the history of our nation from time to time, it seemed clear that social solidarity is one of the gift cultural values our nation that has been pervasive into the heart of all children of this nation .Heart etched in the value of social solidarity, and growing sprouting in our hearts in copyright, taste and intention in every human being.

Social solidarity national trajectory reflected in history from time to time 1928, this value perform had based outbreak oath youths very phenomenal.1945 manifest in a format that inspires independence proclamation.1948 encourage wontedness army the rise and the people in defending independence 1965 social solidarity manifesting themselves in a format of calling crack down on communism.

The value of this is the underlying unity and unity of our nation so although the Indonesian nation department Ika Bhineka but still single.

Solidarity has been proven social efficacy which is in history as the weaponry reliable detection our social system, will always have relevance along the history of our nation to the present and future, near or far .

In order to growing the spirit of social solidarity sustainable and warning day of national social solidarity (HKSN) is held every year, in order for all time the spirit is still coloring the life and life source of our people.

Quoted from articles Depsos. Ministry of Social Affairs.

Sources :

https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/.../MARSV2N1A3

marshaeliza.blogspot.com/2013/12/kesetiakawanan-sosial.html

http://bhaktyenglish.wordpress.com/2010/12/22/tugas-2-kesetiakawanan-sosial/